OBJECTIVE. To describe the epidemiological behavior of pulmonary tuberculosis in the population deprived of liberty in Colombia during 2015 to 2019. METHODOLOGY. During the practice at the National Institute of Health (INS) a retrospective descriptive study was carried out with two methodological scenarios. The first had a cross-sectional design that has the reported subjects as the unit of analysis. In a second place, an ecological study of aggregate measures of incidence and mortality of TB (Tuberculosis) cases in PPL (Population Deprived of Liberty) was considered. For the above, the databases with information collected and published from data open to the Public Health Surveillance System (SIVIGILA) were taken into account. In the analysis of the aggregated data, the number of PPL patients with TB from each of the six Regionals that were reported to SIVIGILA during 2015 to 2019 was taken into account, over the total number of PPL of each regional per 100,000. In addition, a simple linear regression analysis was performed for the behavior description; for the above and taking into account the nature of the variable, the value of R2 was estimated, which showed the magnitude of change in the incidence and mortality from TB during the period of the five years analyzed. RESULTS. As a result, it was evidenced that the incidence and mortality is different in each of the Regionals. In the Western Region (RO) an increase is observed; evidenced by an R2 = 0.81 in relation to the dependent variable, which in this case is year. On the other hand, in the Northwest Region (RNO) it is observed that the highest mortality occurred; evidenced by an R2 = 0.72. The variation between the incidence and mortality data was supported with the statistical tables of the INPEC (National Penitentiary and Prison Institute) where it was observed that the OR is not the one that presented the greatest overcrowding during the period of the five years analyzed, but if the one that presented the highest incidence, unlike the RNO where more overcrowding was observed, less incidence in TB cases, but presenting the highest TB mortality in the same period. CONCLUSION. The descriptive and trend analysis of the time series on the PPL allowed generating a contextualization of the problems experienced by this population group. It is correlated and confirmed that the overcrowding of the PPL in Colombia during this period continues to be an important determinant to correct for the control of TB and an objective to be achieved in the Ten-Year Public Health Plans. This type of analysis is of great contribution when proposing any possible intervention strategy against TB and, as recommendations, it is important to analyze which different strategies have been used by OR to control mortality and which could be implemented in OR with high mortality rate.