Nowadays, the competitiveness of a country`s logistics sector constitutes one of the bases to capitalize those new business opportunities offered by international markets. However, Colombia`s complex infrastructure along with the extensive supply chains of some of the main sectors that encompass the national economy, have not only affected the Colombian’s logistic sector performance, but also have prevented numerous companies to take advantage of 13 trade agreements in force between Colombia and more than 50 countries around the world. This is the case of the Colombian pharmaceutical sector, where the complexity of the national logistics sector has prevented, in some cases, to meet customer requirements, optimize time responses and reduce those distribution costs demanded by the industry. This research initially describes through macroeconomic indicators, the reality of the pharmaceutical sector at national and international level. Subsequently, indicators of productivity and competitiveness of the domestic pharmaceutical industry are addressed by analyzing all the activities demanded by each of those links comprised by the supply chain of the sector. In addition, the research includes the current problematic of the national pharmaceutical sector and a case study related with the costs that would require an export of a pharmaceutical product to the international market. Finally, through the direct opinion of 20 national and international pharmaceutical companies, this research gives the reader an approach to the reality of the Colombian pharmaceutical industry in terms of the competitiveness of its logistics processes.