A major challenge in evolutionary biology concerns how genetic and phenotypic variation is created and maintained. In this study, we investigated the origin (s) and evolutionary patterns of the female-limited colour polymorphism in Ischnura. This involves the presence of one to three colour morphs: one androchrome morph with coloration that resembles that of the male, and two gynochrome morphs (infuscans and aurantiaca) with a female-specific coloration. We documented the colour of 44 and mating system of 36 of the 76 species