One of the most concerning issues to modern ecology and society is the ongoing loss of biodiversity. Ecosystems are now losing species at rates only seen in previous mass extinction events (Hails, 2008; Barnosky et al., 2011) with rates of extinction between 100 and 1000 times higher than pre-human levels (Pimm et al., 1995). This loss, in turn, is impairing the functioning of ecosystems (Worm et al., 2006; Mora et al., 2011a) and their capacity to deliver goods and services to mankind (Díaz et al., 2006). The sharp contrast between the declining "supply" of the Earth's services and the rising "demand" from a growing human population indicates that such services will increasingly fall short, leading to the exacerbation of hunger, poverty and human suffering (Campbell et al., 2007; Mora & Sale, 2011).