The environment is an issue that is intimately linked to problems that impact us as a society and as individuals, since it affects access to life itself. This article contains a reconstruction of the meanings for intervention in Social Work around the social problem of unequal access to water in Colombia, from the approach of Political Ecology. For this purpose, we approached the environmental history in Colombia and reviewed some cases, from which we concluded that collective water management, the gestation of environmental education processes and the formation of community organizations, reinforced by the political component, are fundamental intervention exercises for the equitable management of water resources.