With the increase in the production of hydrocarbons to satisfy the energy demands of countries, the return of a large amount of water is expected. The produced water contains toxic molecules that must be removed before final disposal. The objective of this study was to develop biomaterials for the removal and catalysis of contaminants in simulated wastewater. Fungi were isolated and cultivated in environments contaminated with hydrocarbons and other radioactive elements. Activated carbon was prepared from local inedible waste, functionalized, and characterized. The fungal strains were integrated into the carbon supports, and bioremoval tests were carried out. Aspergillus versicolor was isolated, and its growth curves revealed its ability to grow 2.5 and 9 times more in wastewater with uranyl and crude oil at 10,000 mg/L. Activated carbon modified with nitrogen groups (ACN) was the most promising material to immobilize fungal cells due to its macroporosity and surface charge (200 mg/g). The results revealed that the capacity of the ACN biomaterial to remove 76.9% and 99.2% of uranyl and crude oil at 500 mg/L in 24 h and 35 °C, a 100-fold scaled assay, from 50 mL to 5 L, revealed reproducibility of the results, becoming a milestone for the scaling of the technology. To the best of our knowledge, there are no publications on the effectiveness of biomaterials based on activated carbon fungi in mitigating the environmental impacts associated with the exploitation of nonconventional reservoirs.