The current capitalist system is based on the expropriation and exploitation of resources, lands, and rights, perpetuating inequalities, and divisions, particularly in the labor sector. This system disproportionately affects historically marginalized groups who are systematically exploited. This idea will initially be structured as a conceptual reconstruction addressing primitive accumulation and the division of labor as delineated by Marx. Subsequently, it will analyze David Harvey's theory of accumulation by dispossession, with a focus on rurality and the consequences of this concept. Furthermore, building on Aníbal Quijano's concept of the Coloniality of Power, the analysis will seek to understand how both primitive accumulation and accumulation by dispossession are founded on anthropological characteristics that result in a new social division of labor.