This paper studies the Constitutional Court of Colombia decision T-1077/2012, one of the most important precedents of constitutional protection of the Right to health through the precautionary principle. The objective proposed by the authors is to study the conditions of invocability of the precautionary principle that were considered in the sentence. Based on the precedent of this case, the Court created a line of interpretation that transcended to other fields, by extending its application in a reinforced manner. The methodology used was a systematic review, through a meta-analysis of the case decision, as well as a documentary analysis of the specialized literature. The paper concludes that this case became a reference for the future application of the precautionary principle in public health. The Court moves away from the classical conception of the principle to prevent strictly environmental risks, reformulating its constitutional protection to the field of the right to health, in a context of scientific uncertainty.