A state-of-the-art documentary investigation is presented, which aimed to carry out a synthesis of scientific production between the years 2015 and 2019 regarding child abuse due to neglect, in order to establish an overview of the research trends referring to: psychological factors involved in child neglect, the psychosocial context in which it takes place, and comorbid relationships between neglect and other types of abuse. The findings highlight the knowledge developed about predisposing factors, mainly: parental attachment style, the experience of abuse in one's own childhood and parental psychopathology. Likewise, there is evidence of relevant progress in the knowledge of the effects on the minor victim, both in the short and long term. However, the generalized allusion to the term abuse and neglect introduces ambiguities regarding the differentiation made between the different types of abuse and the knowledge developed regarding the most feasible comorbidity relationships according to the nature and mechanisms underlying each type of abuse. Added to this is that some categories – such as the experience of motherhood and fatherhood in the practice of daily care – are an aspect that is little addressed in the reviews consulted, in which a gap is observed in this area of ​​knowledge. In this way, inputs are offered to strengthen the risk assessment mechanisms for this type of abuse and the psychosocial intervention strategies offered by child protection systems and basic health care teams.