This chapter presents an overview of the book. It starts by describing the singular racial relations in a Latin American context like Colombia. The chapter then explains how patterns of racial distribution throughout the Colombian regions and the nation's racialized republican project determined a geo-racializedGeo-racialized public provision of goods, services, and rights, with adverse consequences for the country's Afro-descendant territories. Finally, this chapter presents the book's arguments and describes the relevant concepts, alternative explanations, and the mixed-methods approach used in the research to determine the consequences of implicit forms of racial exclusionRacial exclusion.