The database consists of a set of 22 2DGE images obtained from the peripheral blood samples of 11 patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Of these, 11 images correspond to samples taken at the time of diagnosis, and the other 11 correspond to samples taken from the same patients after induction therapy (approximately 21–28 days after starting treatment). Images named with the suffix BEFORE refer to 2DGE images of samples taken at the time of diagnosis (before treatment), while images named with the suffix AFTER correspond to 2DGE images of samples taken after treatment. These 22 images are also made available with the preprocessing stage applied, to which the prefix PREPROC has been applied. Each image in the database is in tagged image file format (TIFF) format with a resolution of 300 dots per inch (DPI). In total, the database, which can be found in the Supplementary Materials, contains 44 images (22 raw 2DGE images and 22 pre-processed 2DGE images).