Introduction: Obesity is considered the greatest health problem in the modern industrial world; the 5th leading risk factors; cause of death in 2004, according to World Health Organization (WHO). It is a medical condition where excess body fat, accumulated in body, exerts adverse effects on health, thus a negative factor for health and longevity in society. Objectives: To assess aerobic exercise performance; overweight and/or obesity, if any among the studied population and also to assess correlation between exercise capability with total body fat % and skeletal muscle % of the participants. Methods: 118 male medical students (18- 25 years of age) were selected for the present study, based on the Inclusion and Exclusion criteria. In this study conducted for 1 year (12 months), Questionnaire method was followed, along with Stadiometer (for height), Weighing machine (for body weight), Mercury Sphygmomanometer and Stethoscope (for blood pressure), Karada scan machine (for total body fat and skeletal muscle %), Treadmill Test machine (for exercise capability including VO2 max and MET), ECG machine (for cardiac health assessment), Anthropometric measurements (for BMI, waist - hip ratio) etc were used. Data obtained were Statistically analyzed to check the level of significance. Results: Both VO2 max and MET exhibited significant negative correlation with body fat % and BMI, while a significant positive correlation was present with Skeletal muscle %. Similarly, endurance time or TMT showed a significant positive correlation with Skeletal muscle % and a significant negative correlation with both Body fat % and BMI. Significant positive correlation between MET and Skeletal muscle % were observed. Mean value of Body fat % and BMI were higher (statistically significant) in Overweight/Obese subgroup, while Skeletal muscle %, VO2 max, TMT and MET were more in normal BMI subgroup. Conclusion: The present study concludes that, decreased physical fitness along with excess body fat, leads to a decline in aerobic exercise capability. Low cardio-respiratory fitness in young adults with increased body fat could be a factor for developing cardiovascular co-morbidities later in middle age. Hence, this study is relevant in current scenario.