Mathematics is fundamental to engineering and deserves careful attention from academics and researchers to provide strategies for improving the knowledge and skills of future practitioners. Although strategies to improve mathematics education have been widely published, there are still some problems in Latin American contexts. A systematic review of 54 articles on pedagogical experiences, published between 2000 and 2020, compared European, North American, and Latin American studies. The results show that European and North American studies are based on explicit theoretical approaches, while many Latin American studies do not explicitly have a theoretical framework. European studies are based on cognitivism and North American studies on cognitive constructivism, but Latin American studies do not refer to any approaches in particular. Trends in the pedagogical knowledge about mathematics education in engineering differ between countries. Therefore, engineering education research in Latin American contexts must provide more insights to improve mathematics education in engineering based on explicit theoretical frames.