Dentofacial anomalies (DFA) are a frequent reason for consultation in maxillofacial surgery departments, since diagnostic imaging is important for surgical planning and follow-up. DFA refers to significant deviation from the normal proportions of the maxillomandibular complex, which negatively affects dental occlusion. The management of these alterations is mainly performed with orthognathic surgery, which seeks the repositioning of dental and facial skeletal components through a combination of procedures. Computerized axial tomography studies allow maxillofacial surgeons to establish the type of anomaly, identify associated findings —breathing alterations—, perform surgical simulations and define precise surgical planning. Interdisciplinary working groups and minimal knowledge of the language used in the management of DFAs allow a better approach to imaging modalities, as well as the reporting of relevant information for the clinical management of patients.