This article mentions a series of strategies and success stories that, through their correct application, allow improving patient care in public health information systems, in turn, with the optimization of resources, efficiency levels are increased in all care processes such as inventory management, personnel management, prevention and timely diagnosis of infections. All this is achieved using Big Data tools, which allow forecasting and preventing infections or diseases through analytical components, with millions of data that are captured from diverse sources, stored in repositories, and processed with different algorithms that facilitate their interpretation, for efficient decision-making and resource management, not only at the health level, but also at the government level. On the other hand, a series of investigative challenges are generated which are mostly associated with privacy policies, security, and information laws where the role of government entities is essential to be able to achieve a mature relationship between technology and health.