The main objective of this research is to build a theoretical-practical model that from the existing conceptual contributions allows the generation of computational thinking in high school students through the incorporation of STEM Education (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) in the curriculum. In this sense, STEM education enters to qualify the curriculum and becomes a methodology that gives entry to the understanding of phenomena. Through this research, a model is proposed for the understanding of computational thinking (CT). With and without the use of digital mediation. This article shows the result of a conceptual review of the topics related to the object of study in the last 5 years and the critical analysis of the investigations found. For this reason, it is not a finished project, but rather an advance in the state of the art.