Abstract Background TSH levels are associated to symptoms such as bradypsychia, bradylalia, hypoprosexia, decreased learning ability, memory impairment and even depressive symptoms, affecting cognitive domains. Method A secondary analysis of National Study of Health and Aging in Mexico (MHAS) from population interviewed in 2012 with TSH levels (1.948) regarding people with (1287) and without (661) congnitive impairment, in comparison to a follow‐up in 2018 (849 people) based on the same cognitive domains and TSH levels. Result Cognitive impairments were higher in women than men, specially around 60 years. The most affected impairment was no amnesic unidomain. People included have mostly normal thyroid function, but people with worst THS levels, commit more than one cognitive domain. Conclusion TSH levels control reduce the progression of cognitive impairment.