Pavement is a crucial component of infrastructure that supports economic growth by facilitating efficient movement of goods, services, and people. To ensure the durability, load-bearing capacity, safety, drainage efficiency, and overall performance of pavements, considering climatic conditions is of utmost importance. In this study, a spatiotemporal analysis of the Thornthwaite Index (TMI) was conducted in different periods across major cities of Colombia to understand climate variations and identify significant areas. The findings revealed that cities in the Caribbean regions exhibited lower TMI values, attributed to reduced rainfall and increased temperatures. It is hypothesized that global warming may be responsible for these observed phenomena. Such insights can inform pavement design and maintenance strategies, contributing to resilient infrastructure development in the face of changing climatic conditions.