AbstractoAmong the mechanisms of insecticide resistance, knockdown resistance (kdr), causes alterations in the functioning of the voltage-gated sodium channel (Nav), which is the target site for Pyrethroids (PY) and Dichloro-Diphenyl-Trichloroethane (DDT). In Aedes aegypti, 13 kdr mutations associated with PY resistance have been identified, with V410L, V1016I, V1016G, and F1534C being the most reported mutations in the literature. With the aim of gathering global and temporal information on the allelic frequencies of the V410L, V1016I, and F1534C mutations in natural populations of A. aegypti, including new data from five populations on the southeast coast of Brazil, a systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA methodology to analyze the current status, allelic frequency, and temporal distribution of these mutations. Additionally, genotyping was performed using Allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR) in five populations on the Southeast coast of Brazil. The results revealed that, out of a total of 165 studies, the F1534C mutation is the most studied (121 studies) and has the widest geographical distribution (43 countries, 4 continents), followed by the V410L, V1016I, and V1016G mutations. As for the frequencies of the kdr mutations assessed in southeast Brazil, resistant alleles of all three individual mutations and in co-occurrence were found. In conclusion, global resistance to pyrethroids in A. aegypti populations presents a complex challenge, with varying geographic distributions of kdr mutations. To effectively address this issue, collaborative international efforts are essential.