Background: Early detection of neurodevelopmental disorders is a challenge at present in Colombia because instruments developed in other countries are used, which generally do not undergo cross-cultural adaptation and validation processes. Aims: Identifying instruments for early detection and evaluation of developmental disorders in preschool children that have been reported by various studies. Methods and Procedures: The PRISMA methodology is employed, and a review is conducted using Cochrane, PUBMED, APA PsycInfo, Medline, Embase, Proquest, Web of Knowledge, ERIC, and ERUDIT databases, considering research where instruments are used for evaluation and detection as the inclusion criteria and early detection of developmental disorders in preschool children. The search period for the articles ranged from 2011 to 2021. Outcomes and Results: In total, 379,167 articles were found and 87 were selected, which were reviewed in their entirety. A synthesis of 12 instruments was established, of which 10 described the validation of instruments to assess development. Conclusions and Implications: We concluded the need for the scientific literature to detail the psychometric properties of early detection instruments to measure developmental disorders, taking into account the heterogeneity of the population, to guide appropriate decision making.