Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) mediate soil C, N, and P dynamics in biogeochemical cycles, and increase plant nutrient uptake. In this study, changes in soil biogeochemical properties related to soil C, N and P cycling were investigated with five different AMF inoculations under vetch (common Vetch (CV; Vicia sativa L.) and Narbonne Vetch (NV; Vicia narbonensis) growing conditions. AMF inoculation decreased the lime content of the soil, and the highest decrease was observed in NV with Glomus; Intraradices, Constrictum, Microcarpum (GICM) inoculation (24.41%). The highest MBC content was recorded in CV vetch Glomus Intraradices (GI) and the highest MBN content in NV vetch GICM. CAT activity of soils was highest in CV vetch GI (31.43%) and lowest in NV vetch GICM (72.88%), urease enzyme activity decreased in all treatments except Glomus; Constrictum, Fasciculatum + Gigaspora sp. (GCF +GS) and Glomus Mosseae (GMS) inoculations in CV. The highest DHG activity was detected in GF (15.72%) AMFs in CV and GI (21.99%) in NV. APA activity was highest in GCF +GS (23.33%) in CV and Glomus; Fasciculatum (GF) (10.08%) in NV. In CV plots, GICM species had the highest and GI community had the lowest RC% in mixed mycorrhiza species, while in NV plots GF species had the highest and GI community had the lowest RC%. This study has important implications for the application of AMF for sustainable agriculture. Especially GCF +GS in the CV plant and GI AMFs in the NV variety were found to be much more effective.