The emergence of a wide range of antibiotic-resistant infectious bacteria, associated with antibiotic-related malpractice, has triggered alarms of different health agencies, which are inviting healthcare professionals to practice the conscious prescription of these medications and to implement epidemiological surveillance of resistant bacteria. Among the strategies to improve antibiotic prescription, there are educational approaches aimed to update knowledge and generate consciousness regarding the appropriate use of antibiotics. In dentistry, several studies have shown frequent errors on antibiotic stewardship, either prescribed for unnecessary clinical cases or administered prophylactically in healthy individuals. This highlights the need to deliver knowledge tools on conscious antibiotic prescription in a clear and concise manner. Through a reflective and up-to-date writing, this book will facilitate the comprehension of basic concepts that will allow dentists and future dentists to associate the effect of antibiotics to pathogen bacteria and the resistance mechanisms they develop, as well as the key elements on appropriate antibiotic prescription. Subsequently, dentists will comprehend the type of infections and clinical cases requiring antibiotic prescription, prevention on unnecessary administration of antibiotics of broad and moderate spectrum, complementary tests which are useful in diagnosis and legal aspects on antibiotic prescription.