Organophosphate and carbamate compounds are widely used as insecticides and have medical applications as well. Global exposure to these agents results in millions of cases annually, with hundreds of thousands of fatalities. Clinical manifestations of poisoning involve cholinergic excess, cardiac issues, respiratory failure, intermediate neurologic syndrome, and delayed neuropathy. Diagnosis is based on clinical ndings, and laboratory testing includes RBC acetylcholinesterase activity. Management involves prompt intervention with atropine and oxime therapy. Prognosis depends on factors such as Glasgow Coma Score and the specic agent involved. Further research is needed to understand the complex mechanisms underlying these toxicities and improve treatment strategies.