Measurements of the suppression and correlations of dijets is performed using $3\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}\textmu{}{\mathrm{b}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ of Xe+Xe data at $\sqrt{{s}_{NN}}=5.44$ TeV collected with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. Dijets with jets reconstructed using the $R=0.4$ anti-${k}_{t}$ algorithm are measured differentially in jet ${p}_{\text{T}}$ over the range of 32 to 398 GeV and the centrality of the collisions. Significant dijet momentum imbalance is found in the most central Xe+Xe collisions, which decreases in more peripheral collisions. Results from the measurement of per-pair normalized and absolutely normalized dijet ${p}_{\text{T}}$ balance are compared with previous $\mathrm{Pb}+\mathrm{Pb}$ measurements at $\sqrt{{s}_{NN}}=5.02$ TeV. The differences between the dijet suppression in Xe+Xe and $\mathrm{Pb}+\mathrm{Pb}$ are further quantified by the ratio of pair nuclear-modification factors. The results are found to be consistent with those measured in $\mathrm{Pb}+\mathrm{Pb}$ data when compared in classes of the same event activity and when taking into account the difference between the center-of-mass energies of the initial parton scattering process in Xe+Xe and $\mathrm{Pb}+\mathrm{Pb}$ collisions. These results should provide input for a better understanding of the role of energy density, system size, path length, and fluctuations in the parton energy loss.