Understanding the biological bases of learning will make it possible to optimize pedagogical planning in educational establishments, facilitate the assimilation and accommodation of complex content, improve student academic performance, and reduce the risks of dropout associated with low academic skills.This essay, then, intends to review the fundamental principles of neurolearning to facilitate the design of neuro-pedagogical strategies that promote neural connections that allow the acquisition of knowledge in a lasting way.Concepts about learning supported by theoretical models, biological bases of learning and neurolearning are presented.The approach of these concepts allows to guide the discussion of the subject and serves as a basis for new research on neuro pedagogy and social neurosciences.