A review of desiccant dehumidification technologies for improving air quality is presented, mainly focusing on alternatives for air conditioning systems for minimizing Sick Building Syndrome. The principles and types of desiccant wheels, as well as the existing selection software for these types of equipment, were reviewed and comparatively evaluated. The study focused on the Brazilian context; thus, information about this country’s air conditioning systems and laws were evaluated. Possible applications of desiccant wheels, such as their integration into cooling cycles and the sensible heat wheel, were also analyzed. Finally, several examples of commercial desiccant wheel selection software that are useful in many situations were evaluated. Nevertheless, it was evidenced that the available software could not perform an operation analysis for only a specific period. Therefore, creating computational tools to select desiccant wheels is essential when considering the data from the different Brazilian regions for a year.