This research contains the evolution of pharmacy and the ethical criteria that have governed it throughout history. To this is added the interdisciplinary dialogue made from philosophy and theology, which in the key of hermeneutic interpretation and under the perspective of the transcendental anthropological method of the German theologian Karl Rahner, derive possible ethical-theological criteria that can govern the research, elaboration, dispensing and use of medicines for people. Throughout the research, the scope and limits that the scientific method has presented for the human and integral formation of those who are vocationally summoned to humanly exercise Pharmaceutical Chemistry are also developed; For it is not a question of enhancing wealth, but in the light of the social doctrine of the Church and the universal values of being ethically responsible and promoters of the dignified health that people deserve.