The study of neurodegenerative diseases has progressed with difficulty in the last decades due in large part to investigations carried out on the dynamics of formation and growth of astrocyte biofilms in vitro. Growth has been optimized thanks to the use of textured and functionalized surfaces, aspects that promote the growth of these cells and the formation of neural networks. These networks are used to study analytes of interest derived from neurodegenerative diseases. The objective of this work is to evaluate the effect of the functionalization and topology of gold surfaces as support in the growth and formation of neural networks of astrocytes. Pristine gold surfaces and gold functionalized with L-cysteine were used. The texture of the surfaces was characterized, and the growth curves of each cell culture were obtained. The cell line U-87 from a human glioblastoma was extracted to carry out the corresponding investigation. The results obtained show an exponential type of growth. In addition, it was verified that the self-assembled L-cysteine on the gold surface with fcc (111) crystallographic structure promotes adhesion and the appearance of astrocytes with respect to what is observed in pristine gold. These results allow us to open a field of research oriented towards the design of experimental techniques for instrumental configuration aimed at the detection and quantification of molecular agents associated with neurodegenerative diseases.