<h3>Background</h3> Spondyloarthritis encompasses several diseases with similar clinical, biochemical, and imaging features. Since 2009, these characteristics have allowed this disease to be classified into axial and peripheral, with the presence of chronic spinal pain and the age of onset of the disease being important criteria for the classification of axial spondyloarthritis[1]. Interest in non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis has recently increased [2], but this information is limited in our population. <h3>Objectives</h3> To differentiate the clinical, biochemical, and imaging characteristics of one Colombian cohort of patients with radiographic and non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis. <h3>Methods</h3> Patients with axial spondyloarthritis were consecutively recruited at a reference institution in Colombia from 2002 to 2015. A structured survey was conducted at the time of the diagnosis of the disease, which included sociodemographic, clinical, biochemical, and imaging variables. The presence of sacroiliitis was evaluated by locar radiologist. Patients and disease characteristics were comparated nr-axSpA and r-axSpA. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 258 patients with axial spondyloarthritis were recruited between 2002 and 2015, of whom 69.6% (185 patients) were radiographic axial and the remaining 30.4% (73 patients) were non-radiographic axial. When comparing the two groups (radiographic vs. non-radiographic axial), not differences were observated in sex, the age of onset, the duration of the disease, initial symptom, number of swollen joints, duration of morning stiffness, number of painful entheses. Compared with r-axSpA, patients with nr-axSpA had greater presence of HLA-B15 (P=0,04), presence of inflammatory spinal pain (P=0,01), history of relatives with spondyloarthritis (P=0,03), longer duration of enthesitis (P=,001), low back pain (P=0,007) and gluteal pain (P=0,003) in the first episode, and greater chest expansion (P=0,001) and distance in the Schober test (P<0,001) in non-radiographic axial versus radiographic axial patients. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Colombian patients with non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis have higher presence of HLA-B15, higher frequency of inflammatory spinal pain, family history of spondyloarthritis, low back pain, and gluteal pain during the first episode of the disease, greater chest expansion and distance on the Schober test than patients with radiographic axial spondyloarthritis. <h3>References</h3> [1]Rudwaleit M, van der Heijde D, Landewe R, Listing J, Akkoc N, Brandt J, et al. The development of Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society classification criteria for axial spondyloarthritis (part II): validation and final selection. Ann Rheum Dis [Internet]. 2009 Jun 1;68(6):777–83. [2]Garrido-Cumbrera M, Gratacos J, Collantes-Estevez E, Zarco P, Sastre C, Sanz-Gómez S, et al. Similarities and differences between non-radiographic and radiographic axial spondyloarthritis: The patient perspective from the Spanish atlas. Reumatol Clin [Internet]. 2022 Mar;18(3):169–76. <h3>Acknowledgements:</h3> NIL. <h3>Disclosure of Interests</h3> None Declared.
