Abstract The chapter analyses the materializations, contributions and limitations of the European Union’s cooperation in guaranteeing the rights of the victims in Colombia. The text identifies the main programs and lines of intervention of the EU’s cooperation with Colombia since the start of the XXI century that contribute to the rights of the victims. It also analyses the transformations that the EU’s intervention has had in the midst of the application of transitional justice in the country, the peace process with the FARC-EP and the implementation of the Peace Agreement. Starting from a decolonial perspective, the chapter identifies structural limitations in the EU’s cooperation and the way that these affect the rights of victims and peacebuilding. The text concludes with some recommendations for the EU, aimed at guaranteeing the rights of victims in Colombia, transformative peacebuilding, and the structural changes that this requires.