This research paper aims to analyze the human right of a retirement pension for farming communities in Colombia, based on the principle of equality. Thus, based on the qualitative paradigm and hermeneutic approach, applying data analysis and documentary research, it was possible to conclude that in Colombia there is no certainty about the farmer as a subject, which entails a lack of a distinctive approach in public policies; resulting in a systematic violation of human rights, among them, the right to a retirement pension, because the General Retirement Pension System excludes the economic activities that the farming community carries out in the territory they inhabit; hence, it becomes necessary to recognize this social group as subjects of special constitutional protection, and implement, based on the principle of equality in social public funding, differentiated public policies that allow the complete enjoyment of this human right.