Organizational culture is a mental pattern that governs decision-making and people’s behavior, it also facilitates, or inhibits, distinctive capabilities development in organizations. In this paper we study organizational culture in production-operations systems, because phenomenon about culture could explain the system performance, and we prove there is a gap of knowledge in the state of the art about this topic based on a systematic literature review. Furthermore, the purpose of this work was to develop a theoretical framework to study organizational culture in production-operations systems. That framework provides several novelty propositions for further research.