This paper presents the results of a study that aimed to understand the mining formalization process in Colombia as a government strategy; thus, it is based on the reading of policies on this subject as a regime instituted to govern this area of the productive sector in a specific way. This research is qualitative. The methodology was based on symbolic interactions through semi-structured interviews with miners located in two Colombian municipalities in the departments of Antioquia and Caldas. Based on the participants’ statements and some theoretical references, we concluded that the current formalization process has a marked neoliberal component. It has some impacts that spread to the labor sphere and makes the lifestyles of miners, communities, and their families more precarious.