Background:The kidney is a major drug excretion organ and is therefore exposed to high concentrations of potentially toxic drugs.Nephrotoxicity is defined as a rapid deterioration of kidney function due to the toxic effect of drugs and chemicals.Colistin is a polymyxin-type antimicrobial currently used to treat multidrug-resistant gram-negative infections.Methodology: A systematic review was carried out through various databases from January 2014 to February 2022; The search and selection of articles was carried out in indexed journals in English. Results:Colistin is a cationic polypeptide antibiotic with a cyclic structure that belongs to the group of polymyxins.One of the criteria or scales to quantify colistin nephrotoxicity, which is still being used and implemented in clinical practice, are the RIFLE criteria.The main clinical characteristics of colistin nephrotoxicity are: Elevated serum creatinine, Oliguria, Increased fractional excretion of sodium, microscopic haematuria, Mild proteinuria, Hypoalbuminemia. Conclusion:This review offers updated and detailed information on the main quantification criteria of colistin-associated nephrotoxicity as well as the main markers of colistin-associated renal injury, in order to establish more appropriate care behaviours.