Objective: To evaluate the effect of music on the physiological, neurobehavioral function, electroencephalographic, and general movements in premature neonates hospitalized in a quaternary care institution. Methods: Triple-blinded randomized controlled clinical trial. Over the course of six months, premature neonates hospitalized with normal cerebral ultrasounds and normal hearing screenings were included in the study. Patients were randomized into two groups: a group exposed to a music intervention for 15 minutes, and a control group of patients not exposed. Data of vital signs, amplitude-integrated electroencephalogram (aEEG), cerebral near-infrared spectroscopy (cNIRS), general movement, and behavior were collected before, during, and 30 minutes after the intervention. Results: Twenty-nine infants were included in the study. The mean age was 33+2 ± 1.4 weeks. Heart rate and blood pressure varied with the intervention. The respiratory rate and pulse oximetry did not show clinically significant variations. At the end of the intervention, in the exposure group, an increase of 5.8% was observed in the cNIRS, 20% of the patients improved postural tone and there was a higher percentage of children in the sleep stage; in the control group 16.7% of the patients were crying. A discontinuous aEEG basal rhythm was seen more frequently in the exposed group (40%) compared to the control group (5.3%), which correlates with a greater sleep duration and architecture in this group. Conclusion: Musical stimulation in premature infants increases cNIRS and improves sleep and behavioral regulation, which could have a long-term impact on neurodevelopment. Keywords: Music; Infant, Premature; Electroencephalography; Cerebral Near- Infrared Spectroscopy.Physiological variables according to exposure group in the different times measured.Data presented as mean ± and standard deviation. Ş Data presented in median and interquartile range (RIQ). * cNIRS: Cerebral Near-Infrared Spectroscopy.Neurobehavioral variables according to exposure group in the different times measured.SF: Semiflexion, F: flexion, E: extension, O: open, SC: calm sleep, SA: active sleep, S: Somnolent, A: awake, C: crying. *n= 8, ** n=18