Objective/Context: During the 20th century, Asia and Latin America had limited exchanges. However, this situation has changed significantly since the beginning of the 21st century. In this introductory contribution to the special issue of Colombia Internacional on Asian and Latin American relations, we reflect and critically assess the central debates concerning contemporary networks and meeting points between the two regions. Methodology: We employ a Global Political Economy (GPE) framework to provide an overview of the field. It focuses on the dynamics of production, trade, and finance power structures that have shaped interregional relations. Conclusions: We identified four areas that have dominated research on these regions. 1) China’s ever-increasing influence. 2) Trade and investment as drivers of interconnection. 3) Interregional cooperation approaches. 4) Different development paths. As a result of this analysis, we suggest that significant asymmetries between the two regions have influenced the relationship, leading to new centre-periphery relations. Originality: The article provides an original perspective to understand better the Asia-Latin America interregional relationship in the 21st century, identifies less studied phenomena, and proposes four avenues for a future research agenda.