Cassava, or more specifically Manihot esculenta Crantz, is one of the largest staple food crops in the world.The participation of this crop in the human nutrition and economy of hundreds of countries in tropical and subtropical regions has increased its importance and research interest.Several studies focused on determining its metabolic profile have been carried out to elucidate relationships between metabolites, nutritional values, and plant responses to different conditions of stress and deterioration.In this review, it was sought to expose the metabolic profile of cassava clearly and concisely from a descriptive point of view supported by quantitative data.First, a description was made of the dependence of the cassava metabolic profile on the variety and plant tissue, highlighting the characterization of leaves and roots.Next, a quantitative description of the most important metabolites of the plant was made, including proteins, amino acids, vitamins, minerals, and carbohydrates.For the latter, the discussion of the characterization of cassava starch was included.Finally, the participation of cyanogenic glycosides as a defensive function of the plant and the metabolic response of cassava against postharvest deterioration conditions and environmental stress, including the participation of carotenoids and scavengers of reactive oxygen species, were exposed.