Introduction: This article describes the sociodemographic, occupational, and occupational risk factors of health personnel from four hospital institutions who provided frontline emergency care in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. The objective of this work was to characterize the health personnel of four institutions that provided frontline care for the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in which sociodemographic and labor variables of 362 frontline health workers who faced the COVID-19 pandemic were explored. Data collection was carried out through digital self-completion. Results: Health technicians and nursing professionals represent 61% of the population studied, in relation to sex it was found that of 100% of those infected by COVID-19, 66% correspond to women; A statistical association was found between the work performance unit and the daily hours worked. Conclusions: The health workers who participated in the study, according to the work carried out, the highest prevalence within the sample belongs to technicians and nursing professionals; being the female sex the one that predominates in these institutions and the same group with the highest frequency of contagion by COVID-19. Likewise, it was shown that in the Emergency services and in the Intensive Care Unit the shifts are extensive since they work ≥ 12 hours for 4 days a week, these being the most contagious services.