The capacity of soil to sequester carbon (C) is considered a method to reduce the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere, as soils can absorb about 20% of anthropogenic carbon emissions, helping to mitigate climate change. This capacity depends especially on the clay fraction, which includes different minerals, such as varying amounts of pedogenic Fe and Al oxides, which have a critical soil organic carbon sorption surface (SOC). Therefore, based on a equation to determine the potential C saturation deficit of fine soil particles (<20 μm/silt and clay fractions) for tropical climates, the SOC sequestration potential of the clay fraction was determined. This potential was fitted to a spatial regression model for depths 0 - 20 cm and 80 to 100 cm. Where, in the first depth the sequestration potential had as explanatory variables the amplitude of the minerals Kaolinite, Hematite, Goethite and Gibbsite, with negative impacts for Goethite and Gibbsite, indicating that low concentrations would reduce the sequestration potential. For the 80 to 100 cm depth, the kaolinite and hematite explained the SOC sequestration potential. Additionally, using remote sensing products, the individual contribution of each mineral to SOC sequestration in different soils were mapped, contrasting to the punctual modeling, where high contributions of goethite and gibbsite were identified at greater depths. The influence of land use on the carbon sequestration potential of minerals was observed, where the highest potential is found in areas with pasture and crop mosaics and grassland and forest mosaics, with a high presence of kaolinite and hematite. The minerals analyzed have a greater potential for carbon sequestration at greater depths and, therefore, could be key in climate change mitigation strategies.