Mass production, consumption habits and precariousness in the final disposal of plastics are behaviors that favor the contamination of both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Plastic due to degradation and fragmentation processes due to constant exposure to physical and/or chemical factors produce smaller particles called microplastics (MPs), these are manifested in particles that are more easily incorporated into any natural system on the planet, microplastics represent a risk to ecological processes; since they disturb the hydric, geospheric, biospheric and anthropospheric systems; They are easy to transport by dynamics of the atmosphere and the axes of water circulation, making soils and bodies of water their main receptors, this directly and indirectly alters the human being and their productive systems, in the same way disturbs the fauna and flora. of any ecosystem, they are particles that can be consumed and bioaccumulated, they represent a risk due to potentially pathogenic microorganisms that are associated with them or cause intoxication by constant contact with them. Identifying the environmental impacts due to the presence of microplastics allows establishing where it is necessary to rethink the activities that are sources of this contaminant, it is the baseline to direct and strengthen clean production practices and sustainable production approaches so that over time reduce negative impacts and enhance those that are positive in any ecosystem that is being altered. After determining the impact assessment, it is observed that the actions of environmental education and scientific research contribute to societies and create awareness about the importance of managing the emission sources that disturb the environment in these highly significant and sensitive coastal marine ecosystems.