In the field of surgery, there is a consensus that XR technologies have enormous potential to achieve the goal of enhancing the capabilities of surgeons. However, this consensus does not exist regarding the usefulness of current implementations. This is due to the fact that the peculiarities of the surgical environment, difficulty of registration between models and real organs, soft organs, over-information to the surgeon, high mental load of the surgeons, mean that the solutions must have a high degree of particularization. This chapter shows the current state of XR technologies in surgery, highlighting their strengths and weaknesses, showing examples of implementations and outlining the future work that should lead us to both overcome the current weaknesses, and the achievement of giving surgeons efficient and effective tools to their work.