The notion of responsibility presents an inevitable centrality in the vast work of the French philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre. This can be seen in his philosophy works as well as in his literary novels and various retellings. On the other hand, in the teaching of the French psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan there are also developments related to the notion of responsibility from different areas inherent to the field of belonging. Thus, the present research work has as its main aim to approach the principal elements from the work of each of these authors that will allow the setting of an approximation to the notion of responsibility that they both develop. This will enable, in a second moment, the carrying out of a parallelism between Jean-Paul Sartre's and Jacques Lacan's precepts in relation to the notion of responsibility that intends to enhance the similarities and divergences between the perspectives of these contemporary authors.