The analysis and justification of inequality and extreme poverty and the need to eradicate or at least overcome them impose historical, ideological, and institutional reasons. Particularly concerning institutions and the new transformations of constitutionalism, this article aims to analyze the transformative role of constitutional courts as a key and effective strategy for reducing inequalities, but mainly for the eradication of extreme poverty. Based on a hypothetical and deductive methodology combined with a technique of indirect documentation analysis, it is concluded that the transformative role of constitutional courts as a key and effective strategy to confront contemporary crises in society, at least in the analysis of deliberative instruments such as public hearings to combat the eradication of extreme poverty, presents apparent effectiveness. The transformative role must recognize limits to the judicial function, especially when judicial decisions involving social rights are projected. Methodological and instrumental outlets of other sciences, together with greater recognition of judicial humility, seem to be a step to begin or, better, to resume the intended path.