The review of literature on medical and healthtourism is carried out to identify the challenges that this topic hasfor researchers, academics, private entities and the government;the information collected and analyzed corresponds to researchpublished from September 2009 to December 2020, in theScienceDirect database and by snowball, which allows theidentification of the aspects that contribute to improve thesatisfaction of the medical tourist and to strengthen a touristdestination, as well as the creation of networks of stakeholders,and the adoption of policies to empower not only the sector butto impact positively on the health system.