The objective was to establish health beliefs and adherence to treatment in patients with hypertension in a health service in the District of Barranquilla, Colombia.Bonilla Ibáñez's questionnaire version 3 with a Cronbach alpha of 0.851 was used to determine the adherence index and health beliefs of a sample of 400 patients from the cardiovascular risk program subprogram Hypertension attended in a health service of the subsidized regime of Barranquilla/Colombia.The mean age of the participants was 63.52(SD:12.70), 76% female, average evolution time of hypertension was 9.6 years (SD: 8.29). El 54.75% was found in adherence advantage (VADH),32.5% in risk of non-adherence (RNoADH) and 12.75% in nor adherence (NoADH). VaDH and RNoADH patients considered that their treatment did not create dependence and should be taken in 94% and 86.9% respectively, in contrast to 56.9% of NonADH who do not consider it, P(<0.001). To the belief of whether the treatment is beneficial and that is why it continues, the VADH and RNoADH always consider it in 97.7% and 87.7%, compared to 88.2% who sometimes consider it from the NoADHgroup, P(<0.001). When informed by the family's beliefs about treatment and changes in customs if they were contrary to their faith and values, the VADH and RNoADH never consider it 97.3% and 87.7%, compared to 60.8% who sometimes consider it from the NoADHgroup, P(<0.001). Beliefabout hard-to-change habits about food and exercise is sometimes considered by patients VADH (61.6%), in RNoADH (56.2%) and in NoADH (56.9%), P(<0.001). VADH patients (95.9%), in RNoADH (78.5%) and NoADH (76.5%) believe it is convenient for their health to control weight, through diet and exercise, P(<0.001). VADHpatients (97.7%), NonADH (94.6%) and NoADH (54.9%) believe it is important to continue their treatment to improve their health, P(<0.001).Health beliefs may influence the rate of adherence to pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment of patients with hypertension. The understanding and management of these variables by health personnel can help strengthen follow-up programs, addressing early the doubts and concerns that treatments may generate.