There are a number of neglected tropical pathogens in Central America which need serious attention in the hope of achieving improved control or elimination in the future. This chapter highlights the profiles of certain infectious agents that are potentially problematic in exposed individuals residing in or traveling to Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Panama. Tuberculosis is common and whenever it is diagnosed, co-infection with HIV should be considered. Dengue fever is common in Central America where it gives rise to repeated outbreaks. Hantavirus infections give rise to hantavirus pulmonary syndrome and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. Leishmaniasis shows one of the highest disease burdens among the neglected tropical diseases in Central America, with 62000 infected population presenting mainly as cutaneous disease, and 5000 cases as visceral disease.