Introduction: Acute leukemias have generated great interest in the world to be within the ten most common cancers, and children ranks first in malignancies. Objective: Analyze the demographic, genetic, environmental, pre and perinatal factors associated with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in pediatric acute leukemia group in Medellin during 2008 - 2011. Methods: Cross-sectional study in children under 15 years with leukemia acute in Medellin and the metropolitan area during 2008 -2011.Se implemented a logistic regression model to identify factors associated with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Results: 80 patients were studied. Factors associated with multivariate analysis were acute lymphoid leukemia: Daily consumption of alcohol by the father (OR: 3.95; 95% CI 1.26 to 7.55) and that the child had been breastfed (OR: 0.036, 95% CI 0.002 to 0.83). Conclusions: The identification of risk and protective factors associated with acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) in Medellin and its metropolitan area; they are a useful tool for health planning input.