Aim: Proximal aortic disease surgery has high morbidity and mortality.In addition, the urgent performance of these operations complicates both surgical and anesthesia management.This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate patients with proximal aortic diseases who were operated on urgently in our cardiovascular surgery department.Material and Methods: After approval was obtained from the ethics committee, a total of 72 patients who underwent emergency proximal aortic surgery in our clinic between January 2014 and January 2020 were analyzed retrospectively.Demographic data, comorbidities, anesthetic agents administered, mean duration of anesthesia, cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time, X-clamp time, intensive care and hospitalization times, mortality, and morbidity were evaluated.Results: There were 51 (70.83%) male and 21 (29.17%)female patients.The mean age of the patients was 62.31±11.71years.The most common preoperative risk factor was hypertension (n=60, 83.33%).Mean CPB time was 141.72±25.08minutes.Fifty-nine patients (81.95%) survived and 13 (18.05%)died.The mean age of non-survivors (69.54±6.04 years vs. 60.71±12.09years) was higher, and their X-clamp and CPB durations were longer compared to surviving patients.Discussion: It is essential to determine the causes of mortality, take precautions, and share positive and negative experiences in both anesthesia and surgical management of proximal aortic pathologies that are operated on urgently.Hemodynamic instability, additional surgical procedures, and prolonged operation and perfusion times are key factors affecting mortality and morbidity.