Microbiota of insect vectors is involved in processes of immune response, fitness,resistance to insecticides and environmental changes particularly linked to climatechange signals such as temperature shifts, influencing in turn the transmission rate ofhuman pathogens, as is the case of phlebotomine sand flies. Characterization of thetemperature effects in the abundance and richness of the microbiota of Lutzomyia longipalpis, insect vector of Leishmania infantum in America, is an aspect of pivotalimportance in order to understand how such changes can affect the potentialtransmission of Leishmania. We develop and used a customized device with atemperature gradient (21-34°C) to maintain two groups of wild females of Lu.longipalpis collected in a rural area (Ricaurte, Cundinamarca). Each replica consistedof 50 females who were exposed to such gradient for an hour. At the end of theexposure time, insects were collected and separated by temperature ranges 21-23 °C,23-25 °C, 25-27 °C, 27-29 °C, 29-31 °C, 31-33°C, and 34 °C. They were organized in17 pools, total DNA extracts were obtained and samples were subjected to 16Samplicon sequencing analyses. The most abundant phyla were Proteobacteria(90.26%), Firmicutes (73.52%) and Actinobacteriota (8.09%). Results also show anabundance of 57.36% in Pseudomonas at 25-27 °C that decreases to 6.55% atwarmer temperatures 29-31°C and 13.20% at 31-33°C (p-value < 0.055), while at thesame ranges Bacillus presents an abundance of 1.21%, 61.54% and 37.64%respectively (p-value < 0.096) with a Pearson Correlation Coefficient of -0.84 (p-value< 0.00007, and FDR of 0.015). No significant differences were found when comparingrichness using the Shannon-Weiner, Simpson and Chao1 indices, while -diversitydifferences were found using the Bray-Curtis index (p-value < 0.013) especially atwarm temperatures (29-33 °C). It was also possible to detect the presence ofendosymbionts such as Spiroplasma and Asaia, but with low prevalence, whileinfection of Arsenophonus was also present with positive interactions with Bacillus(PCC 0.77, p-value of 0.006, and FDR of 0.015). It was possible to perform thecharacterization of Lu. longipalpis microbiota in relation to the temperature preferencesof the insect vector and observe changes in bacterial communities at different rangesof said environmental variable