In fire-influenced ecosystems, some plant species have the ability to recover, germinate, and to establish after a fire; however, their proportion and dominance varies between sites. The objective of this work was to evaluate natural regeneration following a fire in a tropical dry forest located in the Upper Magdalena River Valley in Colombia. In that way, all seedlings and saplings of woody species were recorded, 1.5 years after a fire, in 75 2x2-m plots installed in burned and unburned forest sites, as well as in forest gaps. Results showed that although abundance was higher in the burned sites, the species richness was lower than in unburned areas. Based on the regeneration response of the species, we identified three groups of plants: 1) fire-stimulated, 2) fire-tolerant, and 3) fire-sensitive species, which means that this tropical dry forest has species with the ability to recover, germinate, and establish after a fire. These three groups of plant species should be considered in restoration programs in light of future and more frequent forest fires due to climate change.